Pre-trial detention – When an appellate court refers a case to a lower court for a new hearing. The lower court is often required to do something else, but this does not always mean that the final decision of the court changes a court decision in a previous case with facts and legal issues similar to a dispute currently being heard by a court. Judges “generally follow precedents,” that is, they apply the principles established in previous cases to rule on new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was tried incorrectly or that it differed significantly from the current case in some way. Jurisdiction – (1) The legal power of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction occurs when two courts have jurisdiction in the same case at the same time. Some issues may be heard in state and federal courts. The plaintiff first decides where to sue, but in some cases, the defendant may try to change courts. 2. The geographical area in which the General Court has jurisdiction to rule on cases. A federal court in a state, for example, can usually rule on only one case arising from acts committed in that state. A trial in which an accused is tried, informed of the charges in an indictment or in information, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty. A term used to describe evidence that can be examined by a jury or judge in civil and criminal cases.
A protocol that contains the complete history of each case in the form of short chronological entries that summarize the legal proceedings. A legal process to address individual and corporate debt issues; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of Title 11 of the United States Code (the Bankruptcy Code). Grand Jury – A group of citizens who listen to evidence of criminal charges presented by the government and determine if there is a likely reason to believe that the crime was committed. As it is used in federal criminal cases, “the government” refers to the lawyers in the U.S. Attorney`s Office who are prosecuting the case. Grand jury proceedings are closed to the public and the person suspected of having committed the crime is not allowed to be present or to have a lawyer present. States are not required to appoint grand juries, but the federal government must do so under the Constitution. nolo contendere – No competition. Has the same effect as an admission of guilt with respect to the criminal conviction, but the plea cannot be considered as an admission of guilt for other purposes. Sometimes a guilty plea could be used later to show errors in a prosecution, but nolo contendere`s plea forces the plaintiff in the lawsuit to prove that the defendant committed the crime.
A written and verbatim record of what has been said, either in a trial such as a trial, or in another formal conversation, such as a hearing or oral testimony, – A proceeding in which a person accused of committing a crime is brought to court, informed of the charges and asked to plead guilty or not guilty. No competition. A plea from the nolo contendere has the same effect as an admission of guilt in terms of punishment, but cannot be considered an admission of guilt for other purposes. The legal system, which originated in England and is now used in the United States, is based on the articulation of legal principles in a historical sequence of court decisions. The principles of the common law may be amended by legislation. A written description of the proceedings in a case, including all pleadings, evidence and evidence filed in the course of the case. A case brought before the courts by only one party, without notice or dispute by the other party. File number – Protocol with short entries of legal proceedings. A person who makes a textual recording of what is said in court, usually using a stenographic device, shorthand or audio recording, and then makes a transcript of the proceedings upon request. Bankruptcy – Refers to laws and legal proceedings involving individuals or businesses that are unable to pay their debts and seek the court`s help in making a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors can repay their debts by potentially paying a portion of each debt.
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